Steam-turbine.



No."768,l'l6. PATEINTEID AUGJ23,1 '04.

. B. M. DUTTON.

STEAM TURBINE. APPLIOATION FILED 0011 1903.

I no MODEL.

IIiH

. PATENTED AUG. 23, 1904. 1 B. M. DUTTON,

STEAM TURBINE. APPLICXTION FILED. 0017, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

3. sums-sum 2.

PATENTED AUG. 23, 1904.,

B. M. DUTTO NL STEAM TURBINE. APPLIOA TION FI LEI) 001. 7, 1903.

no MODEL.

'zwzfiuam Hoe/wa J:

UNITED ST TES PatentedAugust 23, 1909.

PATENT OFFICE.

I BURTON M. BUTTON, 0E PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, assienoa 0E ONE-HALFTO W. L. COOK; OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 768,116, dated August23, 19 04.

Applicationfiled October '7, 1903- To It/Z whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BURTON M.- DUT'ION, a citizenof United States,residing at Philadelph'ia, in the county of Philadelphia and State -5"ofPennsylvania, have inventedcertain new and useful lmprovements inSteainv'Iurbines,

of which'the following is a specification, ref-' erence being hadtherein to the accompanying vided with a rotatable membe-r and itsoperatively associated parts so arranged that said member will receive.both the initial or primary and a secondary impact from the working 1!mid.

The invention also contemplates, in combination with the rotary memberabove mentioned, the provision of aninner deflecting member arrangedtherewithin, and preferably an automaticallyoperable governor connected2 5 with said deflecting member.

The invention still further'embraces a novel 'typeof' nozzle thepeculiarcharacteristics of which render the useof the same especiallyadvantageous in a turbine of the character Herein 3o defined.

The novel details in the construction and ar-' rangement of the severalparts of the turbine will be ap parent from the detailed descriptionhereinafter when readin connection with the 35.;accompanying drawings,forming part hereof, I

and wherein a convenient embodiment of the invention is'illustrated. Itis, however, to be understood that in any future'interpretation as tothe scope of the invention the same is in 40? no sense to be limited toany structural ele.

ments which may beshown or described, ex-

,cepting in so far as'any such may be specific-- ally included in thehereto-appended claims,

'being'obvious that many changes and altera-,

'tions may be made without in the least departing from the spirit of theinvention. 1

Serial No. 176,103. na es.)

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation of the turbine, a part of thecasing being broken away and the nozzle being shown in verticallongitudinal section. ---Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section ,takenthrough the center of V the machine. Figs. 3 and 4 are segme'ntsrespectively illustrating in a fragmentary manner the supporting-disksfor the impact-blades l of the inner and outer members, the blades ineach instance being shown in section. Fig.5 is an end view of thegovernor, parts ,being' shown in section and others broken away, a soshowing in section. the supply-pipe torv the working fluid and the valvetherein; and Fig. p 6 is a detail perspective. v

Referring more specifically. to the drawings, A designates a supportingbase or platform, and B standards projecting upwardly there. from, Crepresenting the casing of the turbine bolted at cor otherwise securedto the base A, said casing being relatively flat and of substan-' tiallycircular contour. 'The'casing at points adjacent to its'topand bottomand at opposite sides thereof is-provided with interiorlythreaded boresd for the reception of corre-' Sp'ondingly exte'riorly threaded nozzles"D, the latter constituting inlets for'the steam. Aspecific descriptionof one of the nozzles will suffice -for both. From the section in'Fig. 1it will be, seen that the nozzle D is bored, asat d, with aprogressively decreasing curvature, com- 30 mencing at apointapproximately at right an gles to the axis of the nozzle and terminatingin a plane parallel with said axis, whereby the bore graduallydiminishes from its inlet to. its discharge end. Adapted -to bereciprocated within the bore just described is a conicalsliaped 'plugo'rvalve E, the base of which in cross section is equal to and preferablyslightly greater than thegreatest cross-section of the bored" and itssurface graduating to a point slightly in the rear of the smallestcross-section ofsa'id bore. The greater tapering of the plug or valverelative to the bore of the nozzle leaves an annular passage-waytherebetween.

F isa valve-casing through which an adjustablescrew-tl1readedoperating-stem f for, the plug or valve passes, the valve-casing of bothnozzlesbeing provided with inlet-openg ings in communication with, therespective branches g of a steam-supply pipe G, runing fluid to thenozzle, the reverse movement or. the valve opening the annular passagetherearound. permitting ingress of the working fluid into such passage.The annular passage, as shown, is relatively narrow in crosssection atits inlet end and widens toward its discharge end; but by reason of itsgreater [diameter at its inlet end the aggregate area at this end isgreater than obtains at its outlet end, thus furnishing a path of exitfor the compressed working fluidby which the lat- --eral stress orpressure in such fluid is deflected by contact with the curved walls ofthe nozzle to the line of spouting. As this lateral stress of the fluidis thus deflected it results in an. accelerated velocity of the outflow,whiclrin turn results in the narrowing of the area required for suchflow, inasmuch as the peculiar formation of the nozzle confines thefluid to a solid jet which will produce an impact conserving almost theentire energy of compression upon the line of spouting, whereby moreefiicient energy transference is secured.

I is a stub-axle secured against rotatidnf to the standard B at the leftof the machine. Fig. 2, and projecting inwardly from said standard, andI is a rotatable shaft having an interior sleeve or bushing isurrounding the stub-axle, this shaft being the driven shaft of theturbine and projecting at itsinner end .intothe casing C of the turbinethrough a stuffing-box z". The driven shaft may impart motion to anydesirable mechanism, simply a a convenientconnection therefor beingshown, the same including a gear-wheel K, arranged to be' engaged by aspiral screw or worm Z1, "slipped over the outer end of the shaft '1 andengaged therewith through the instrumentality of the threaded connectionIt, the worm being locked in position by a nut K, also slipped over theend ofthe shaft and threaded thereto.

To afi'or a suitable means of lubrication,

the stub-shaft I is bored,longitudinally, as at the inner end of saidbore communicating with at upwardly-extending funnel or mouth I,which'in turn registers with an oil-duct in the upper end of thestandard B.

L is ad oil-cup sechred to the upright providedwith a pluggedfill-opening 1 said cup 'being adapted to receive oil up toapproximately the level shown, an inturned flange 1" preventing exit ofoil from the cup around the shaft 1. Secured to the shaft, so as torothrough the disks Q, and R.

tate therewith, is a plate M, provided with pockets m in the facethereof which opposes the inner face of the standard B, said pocketsbeing arranged-in circular series and adapted to register with theoil-duct Z", whereby the plate when rotating with the shaft will carry aquantity of oil from the lower portion of the cup L up to and dischargethe same in the oil-duct. The bore in the stub-axle 1 opens at its innerend into a chamber m, situated between the end of the stub-axle and theclosed end m of the rotary shaft 1. From this chamber the oil feeds overthe working surface of the stub-axle through the longitudinal grooves min the bushing 5.

Upon the end of the shaft 1 and within the casing C, I mount a disk N,the same being secured to the shaft, so as to rotate therewith,-

through the medium of a threaded coupling ring 0 is arranged at asuitable distance therefrom, and fitting within semicircular grooves pin the-inner faces of the disk and ring are a series of semicircularvanes or blades P, held in place by transverse bolts and nuts engagingthe curved plate N and passing through the disk N and ring 0. Thesevanes terminate tangentially of the periphery of the wheel, which wewill term the structure constituted by the disk and ring, and arearranged to receive the impact of the working fluid from the nozzle D inthe line of their termini, whereby such fluid isdeflected to an angle ofapproximately one hundred and eighty degrees, or a reverse turn,byfollowing the concave surfaces ofthe vanes or blades. This wheel isthe active or revolving outer member of the machine. The inner memberconstructed as follows: Q and R are oppositely disposed disks arrangedwithin the wheel or outer member, the first-mentioned disk. Q, beingseated in an offset portion 1 of the disk N and the last-mentioned disk,R,being disposed in vertical line with the ring 0, where-- by the innerfaces of the operating portions of the disksN and Q and the disk R andring 0 are respectively flush with each other. The inner faces of thedisks Q and R are provided with grooves (1 and 7'. Curvedto a quadrantand fitting within these grooves are a series of correspondingly-curvedvanes or blades S. beid in place by bolts and nuts 5 passingtransversely the inner member in proper operating rela- For supportingtion to the other parts of the turbine head U is secured thereto by anysuitable means,

preferably bolts 11, and projecting from the ,head is a shaft V,extending through the stuii ing-box u in the casing C, the outer endther of'being supported by the upright B. That the securing rolts p anda may offer as little obstruction as possible to the working fluidflattened, as at 11, said flattened portions fitting snugly against theconvexed side of the blades. The blades of both the outer and innormembers are of course arranged in circular series, and the outer ends ofthe blades b terminate at a tangent reverse of that of the inner ends ofthe blades P of the outer member. The inner ends of said blades Sconverge into the radii of the circle in which they are-set. 'The disksQ and R of the inner member are solid and constitute and inclose aninterior centrally-located chamber T, into which the'inflow of fluid isforced by the energy itmay contain after the initial impact with the.outer member. This inflow is conducted radially inward by deflectionwith the static blades of the inner member (it being understood that theinner member is normally stationary) and converging to the centercreates a compression commensurate with its velocity, resulting in anoutflow in all drections.

The outflow in turn is deflected by contact with the inner vanes, so asto direct the flow tangentially to the inner termini of the active vanes.1, whereby an additional impact is secured upon-the outer revolvingmember. It will thus be seen that the inner member serves the dualfunction of directing both the inflow and outflow from the chamber T. Itis also to be appreciated that the initial impact from the nozzle is athigh velocity and that it is a physical law that energytransferby impactor, collision can never be complete where disarity of mass obtainsunlessthe impelled component'is invested with a velocity su'iflcientlynear that of the impelling component as to bring the two components tothe correct relation. Therefore in a turbine n which a.

simple impact'only is secured the velocity or rate'ofl revolutions wouldof necessitybe so i high in order to bear the proper relation to ugalforce.

the spouting velocity of the working fluid as to generate a destructiveor dangerous centr fnomi'cal energy-transfer froma commensurately lowspouting velocity must .of necessity carry a cumbersome or structuralcomplica.

tion of varies in order that therequired area of action may be securedto afford a constant stresssuflieiently great to care for the load.

It is a mean between these two principles or. types that 1 havedev'isedatheengine herein-.

before described, in connection with which latter it may be-furtherpointed out that in the.

initial impact when the engine is sogearcd as the wheel is so great asto leave a considerable percentageof energy conserved by then i by thead usted tension of thesprmgAc may be indicated, a scale 9 beingshown inig. 2

working fluichand it is this energy, as has been explained, whichconverges nto the 0on from the base A.

On the other hand, ,a turbine ofthe slow-speed type in order tosecure aneco' the same will bear a proper velocity relation required to securealmost compiete energy transfer.

The inner member not only acts as a de' flector in the manner which hasthus far been pointed out, but the same is also associated with certainother instrumentalities whereby it acts as a highly-sensitive governor.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 2, 3, and 5, a worm W issecured to the shaft V, so as to rotate therewith, said worm beingarranged to engagewitha gear-wheel X, carried i by atransversely-arranged shaft h, which constitutels the operating-stem forthe'valve Hin the-fluid-su ppl y pipe G, hereinbef'ore referred to. Theouter end of the shaft his rotatably supported in a bracket Y projectingupwardly The gear-wheel X is'loose upon the shaft It, whereby the shaftmay be operated independently of .-the gear wheel when found expedient.Around the shaft h is acoiledspring Z, the outer'endof which is rigidlysecured to the bracket Y, while the.

- inner end thereof is connected to the-arm or projection h of the shaft7L. This spring is for the purposeof creating a tension in the directionof the arrow, 'Fig. 2, wherebythe arm It. forcibly contacts-a pin it,projecting laterally fromthe face of. the gear X. Outside of the bracket3'. and rigidly-securedto, the protruding end of the shaft or valve-stemi1. is a lever 1. 2 is an offset arm secured to the bracket Y, the samebeing provided with tr al chamber '1 and creates a radial outflow iwhich has simultaneous action with the c0ucaved surface of all of theblades P carried' a bearing for a thumb-screw 3, the function ofwhich-is to act as a stop whereby the limit of downward movement of' thelever .1 is ad- I adjusted, consequently restricting'the movement of theshaft/L and thevalve H, carried thereby, as is obvious. 4 is afspringcoiled about the shaft V, designed for receiving, the stress of-theinner member .of. the turbine and in this capacity actsas a counter-.balance. as will more clearly hereinafter ap pear. One end of thisspring is rigidly secured to the worm W, and theopposite end thereof iscorrespomlingly attached to a disk 5, the shaft V working looselythrough this disk. The disk 5 may be rotated upon the shaft- V'toproperly regulate the tension of the .spring 4 by meansof an opposing disk6; rigidlymounted upon the uprightB, and the-bolte and-nut fastening,device 7, adapted to pass through a suitable aperture in the disk 6 andany one of a series.Obapeztures.8 in the disk 5, arranged in circularseries, whereby they may duly register with said aperture in the dish 6.The disk 5may carry any convenient or preferred scale or registeringdevlce where for this purpose. The function of the spring 4 is, asstated, to set up a counter-strcss to.

that of the inner-member of the turbine. An increase of the load uponthe engine tends to slow down the speed of the outer or working memberor wheel, thereby reducing its capacity to absorb the energy of theinitial impact to a degree commensurate with the reduction of speed, andthis at a ,ratio apropos will increase the stress of impact upon theinner member both as to egress and ingress. Therefore the inner memberwill revolve against the counter stress of the spring 4 until a point isreached at which the progrcssively-increasing resistance of the springwill establish an equilibrium with the force upon the" inner member ofthe turbine, which puts the spring under tension. The increase of stressupon the inner member being commensurate with the decrease of ingress inthe load and rotating the shaft V, it will, through the medium of theworm-wheel W rotating with the shaft,

turn the gears-wheeL'X in the direction opposite to that shown' by thearrow. whereby the pin a: on the gear-wheel contacting with the arm h onthe shaft or valve-stem 1 in the path of its movement will carry saidarm around with the gear X, thereby corre pond ingly rotating thevalve-stem it against the tension of its spring Z and opening the valveh to a de ree proportionate to the increase of load. T 1e function ofthe lever 1 is to open the valve H by hand when occasion may require, aswhen the full efliciency of the en-- gine is desired-for instance, instarting up under full load. g

As will be understood, the operation of the parts of the governor issuch as to increase the opening of the valve H by a continued movementin the manner specified or in a reverse movement to decrease the openingof the valve, &c., according to the fluctuations of the load, it beingremembered that the spring 4 is of sufiicient tension to exert a counterstress. overcoming any tendency of the inner member to rotate undernormal con- I ditions, whereby said inner member is relativelystationary excepting under abnormal conditions. I 10 represents theoutlet from the casing C for the working fluid.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent, is

1. In a turbine, movable inner and outer members provided with vanes,the outer member being rotatable independently of and around said innermember, and a governor actuated by the inner member.

2. In a turbine, a wheel provided with vanes,

' means for imparting an initial impact to said vanes. means whereby asecondary impact willalso be imparted to said vanes, governorlnstrumentahties, and connections between said governorinstrumentalities and the lastmentioncd means and actuated thereby.

3. In a turbine, movable inner and outer members provided with vanes.one of said members being rotatable independcrdly of and around theother member said other member being relatively stationary under normalconditions, and means actuated by said other member whereby theoperating medium is controlled.

ii:- In a turbine, movable inner and outer member's provided withvane's, said outer mcmber being rotatable independently of and aroundsaid inner member, driven instrumentalities operatively associated withthe outer member, and means actuated by the inner member whereby theoperating medium is controlled.

5). In a turbine, movable inner and outer members provided with vanes,one of said members being rotatable. independently of and around theother member, driven instrumentalities operatively associated with oneof said members, and means actuated by the other of said members wherebythe operating medium is controlled.

6. In a turbine. nan able inner and outer members provided with vanes,one of said members being rotatableindependently of and around the othermember, said other member being relatively stationary under normalconditions, driven instrumentalities operatively associated withtherrotatable member, and means actuated by said other member wherebythe operating ,medium is controlled. 7. In aturbine, inner and outermembers provided with vanes, the outer member being rotatableindependentlyof and around said inner member, and said inner memberbeing provided with an internahchamber normally opening only to thepassages between its vanes, and means actuated by said inner memberwhereby the operating medium may be controlled.

8. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes. one ofsaid members being rotatable independently of the other member andaround the same, said other member having an internal chamber normallyopening only tothe passages between its vanes, and means actuated bysaid other member whereby the operating medium is controlled.

9. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members being rotatable independently of the other memher andaround the same, said other member being relatively stationary undernormal conditions and having an internal chamber normally opening onlyto the passages between its vanes, and means actuated by said othermember whereby the operating medium is controlled.

10. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members being rotatable independently of and around i providedwithvanes, one'of said members hethe other member; said other member beingrelatively stationary and having an interior chamber normally closedsave at points adjacent its' vanes.

11. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, the outermember being rotatable independently of and around said inner member,said inner member being relatively stationary and having an interiorchambe'r normally closed save at points adjacent having an interiorchamber normally closed its vanes. a

i 12. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members being rotatable independently of and around the othermember, and said other member save at points adjacent to its vanes.

13. In a turbine, inner and outermembers provided with-vanes, the outermember being rotatable independently of 'and'aroun'd said inner member,and said other member having an interiorchamber' normally closed save atpoints adjacent to its vanes.

14, In a turbine, inner'and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members being rotatable independently of 'and around the othermember, said other member being relatively stationary under normalconditions and yieldable under abnormalc'onditions.

15. In a turbine, nner and outer members provided with vanes, the outermember being rotatable independently of and around said inner member,said inner member being relt-iv'ely stationary under normal conditionsand having an internal chamberopening to the passages between its vanes,and means actuated by said inner member whereby the operating medium maybecontrolled by the movement of the inner member under-abnormalconditions,

17. In a turbine, inner and outer membersprovided with vanes, one ofsaid members being rotatable independently of and around the othermember, said other member being'relatively stationary under normalconditions and byieldable under abnormal conditions, andinstrumentalities controlled by said last-men tioned member forcontrolling the operating medium.

In a tu rbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, the outermember being rotatable independently of and around said inner' member,said lnner m'ernber being rela-, tively statlonary under normalconditions and yieldable underabnormal conditions, and

means controlled by said last-mentioned mem- 5 a l ingrotatableindependently of the other mem-v her for controlling theoperating medium.

19. In a turbine, inner and outer members ing rotatable independently ofand around the other member, said other member being relativelystationary under normal conditions and yieldable under abnormalconditions, and instriimentalities controlled by said last-mew tionedmember for controlling the operating medium, including a shaft, atensioning device therefor, a valve, and valve-actuating meansoperatively associated, with said. shaft.

20. In a turbine, inner and outermembers provided with vanes, oneof'said members be-, ingrotatabl'e independently of and around the othermember, said other member being relati vely stationary undernormalconditions and 'yieldable under abnormal conditions, andinstrumentalities controlled by said last-mentioned member forcontrolling the operating medium, including a sh'aftfan adjustabletens1on1ng device, therefor,.a valve, and valveactuatmg meansoperatively associated with said shaft.

21. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, oneofsaid members beingrotatablc independently of and around the othermember, said other member being relatlvely stationary under normalconditions and yieldable under abnormal conditions, and instrumentalities controlled by said last-mentloned member for controllingthe operating .medium, including a'shaft, and a tensioning devicetherefor.

22'. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members beprovided With vanes,,one of said members be ing rotatableindependently ofand around the other member,-sa1d other member beingrelatively stationary under normal conditions and yielda-ble underabnormal conditions ,'and instrumentalities controlled by saidlast-mentioned member for controlling the operating medium, including ashaft for said last-mentioned member, a valve, and valve-actuating meansopcr'atively associated with said shaft.

24. In a-turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members being rotatable independently of the other mem-' her andaround the same, said other member being relatively stationary undernormal conditions and yieldable under abnormal conditions, and acounteracting tensioning device resisting the movement of said othermember;

25. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members beber and around the same, said other member rfo beingrelatively stationar-y imder noignal cond tions and yieldable underabnormal conditions. and a counteractingad ustable tension mg deviceresisting the movement of said other member.

26. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members being rotatableindependentlyof and around the other memberand said other member having an interior chamber normally closed save atpoints adjacent to its vanes, and the vanes of said members being curvedinreverse directions relative to each other.

27. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, the vanesof said members being curved in reverse directions relative to eachother and one of said members having an interior chamber normally closedsave at points adjacent to its vanes.

28. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, one ofsaid members be ing rotatable independently of and around the othermember, said other member being relatively stationary and having aninterior chamber normally closed save at points adjacent to its vanes,and the vanes oi said-members being curved in reverse directionsrelative to each other.

29. A turbine-Wheel comprising oppositelydisposed members provided witha circular series of curved grooves in their inner faces, curved vanesin said grooves, and means for clamping the members and vanes togethercomprising bolts and binding-nuts therefor, said bolts being reducedintermediate their ends for the purpose described.

30.' A nozzle for turbines comprising an elongated tubular member havinga curved bore gradually tapering from its inlet to its outlet'end, incombination with a plug-valve comprising an elongated cone tapered fromend to end, and of substantially the length of the tubular memberarranged within said tubular member, the tapering of said cone beinggreater than the tapering ofthe bore of .the tubular member,substantially as described.

31. A nozzle for turbines comprising an elongated tubular member havinga curved bore gradually tapering from its inlet to its .outlet end, incombination with a plug-valve comprising an elongated cone arrangedwithin said tubular member, the tapering of said cone being greater thanthe tapering of the.

bore of the tubular member, and the base ofthe (one being of a diametersubstantially equal to the inlet-opening of the bore of the tubularmember.

32. In a turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, the outermember being rotatable independently of and around said inner member,the said inner member being provided with an internal chamber normallyopening only to the passages between its vanes,

and a feed-nozzle arranged tangentially of said outer member.

33. In a turbine, a rotatable member, a horizontal shaft therefor, andmeans for lubricating said shaft including aduct leading thereto, afixedoil-cup through which said shaft passes, a movable means for conductingoil from the cup to said duct, and an inturned flange on the cupimmediately adjoining the opening therein through which the shaftpasses, for the'purpose set forth.

34. A governor including a rotatable shaft, a gear thereon, a secondgear meshing with said first-mentioned gear, a pin on said second gear,controlling means, and means in the path of said pin for operating saidcontrolling means.

35. A governor including a rotatable shaft, a gear thereon, a secondgear meshing with said first-mentioned gear, a pin on said second gear,controlling means, means in the path of said pin for automaticallyoperating said controlling means, and independent means for manuallyoperating said controlling means.

36. A governor including a rotatable shaft, a tension device thereforincluding a coilspring, one end of which is connected to 1'0- tate withsaid shaft and the other end being fixed, and means connected to one endof the spring for initially adjusting the same at a predetermined normaltension thereof.

37. A governor including a rotatable shaft, a tension device thereforincluding a coilspring, one end of which is connected to rotate withsaid shaft and the other end being fixed, means connected to one end ofthe spring for initially adjusting the same at a predetermined normaltension thereof, .and controlling means operatively associated with saidshaft.

38. Ina turbine, inner and outer members provided with vanes, the-vanesof the outer member being arranged in series concentric to the series ofthe vanes of the inner member, one of said members being rotatableindependently of the other member and around the same, and the vanesthereof being adapted to receive an initial and also a secondary impact,and the vanes of the other memberbeing arranged to deflect the operatingmedium to effect said secondary impact.

39. In a turbine, a wheel provided with vanes, means for imparting aninitial impact to said vanes, means whereby a secondary impact will alsobe imparted to said vanes, governor instru mentalities, and connectingmeans between said governor instrumenialities and one of said means andactuated by the latter.

In testimony whereof I affix my signai uro in presence of twowitnesses.-

BURTON M. l)U'l.T()l\'.

'Witnesses:

JOHN J. Tciisnn, GEO. B. TURNER.

